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Trehalose, a disaccharide of glucose, and sucrose (which consists of a fructose and a glucose ring connected by a glycosidic bond) can be viewed as naturally occurring stabilizing agents.
For example, bird-pollinated plants can secrete floral nectars containing the disaccharide sucrose, the monosaccharides glucose and fructose, or mixtures of these three sugars.
Several physiologically important disaccharides are sucrose, lactose and maltose.
Among them, the most effective in preserving a more native-like structure are the disaccharides sucrose and trehalose in dry films and the polymer dextran in wet films.
The same trend is observed for the mono- and the disaccharide with a more pronounced swelling excess with the disaccharide, as previously reported with other disaccharides like lactose or saccharose.
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