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At the macroscopic scale, samples held in test-tubes spontaneously demix under the influence of gravity into a top isotropic phase and a bottom birefringent nematic phase.
When polarization is a concern, linear and birefringent polarizers can be used to remove, reflect, or refract one of the polarization components.
The model appeared to require that a gas of hydrogenic atoms would be magnetically birefringent , because the electron would orbit in a plane perpendicular to the field direction.
In traditional polarization microscopy and orientational spectroscopy, several techniques have been used to determine birefringent and dichroic properties.
A birefringent interference polarizer which may be fabricated from readily available materials using established coextrusion techniques is provided.
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