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The most complete evidence has come from the Near East, where domesticated barley and emmer wheat strains have been found which date from about 8000 BC.
Other Iron Age crops included the more ancient emmer wheat (Triticum dicoccum, which was grown on light soils), bread wheat, oats, rye, peas, Celtic beans, and flax.
The many thousands of grains comprise not just emmer and naked barley, but also bread wheat - which points clearly to the Neolithic - and linseed.
Ancient or modern farmers have grown four wheat species: einkorn, emmer , timopheevi, and common (hexaploid, or bread) wheat.
Three species exist both as wild and domesticated wheats, einkorn, emmer , and breadwheat.
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