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It is a prodrug that is converted intracellularly to various metabolites that bind to the enzyme thymidylate synthase, inhibiting synthesis of thymidine, DNA, and RNA.
In summary, this study has confirmed quantitatively the considerable degree to which the delivery of the ALA prodrug can be enhanced by iontophoresis of the simple, cationic alkyl esters at neutral pH.
They waited a bit to give the unbound nanobodies time to filter out of the body, then injected the prodrug .
As the prodrug is metabolically converted to its cytotoxic form, it penetrates the cell bearing the bound enzyme as well as ‘naked’ cells that are nearby.
Valacyclovir, a prodrug that metabolizes to acyclovir, has better bioavailability and requires less frequent dosing than acyclovir.
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