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Known as superfluidity , the phenomenon allows the liquid to flow endlessly around a loop-shaped pipe without slowing down.
In addition to being fascinating in their own right, experiments on quantum gases are relevant to many different areas of physics - from atomic clocks and quantum computing to superfluidity and quantum phase transitions.
Used in the explanation of superfluidity , this phenomenon enables a significant fraction of the particles to occupy a single quantum state.
As far as we know, superfluidity is a unique consequence of Bose - Einstein condensation, although condensation does not necessarily produce a superfluid.
The researchers were able to exploit the link between second sound and superfluidity to prove that superfluid helium - 3 and superfluid helium - 4 were present in their experiment at the same time.
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