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A reader in Tucson says he plays public courses where the greenside bunkers have just a thin layer of sand over hardpan .
The simplest way to see if your soil has a hardpan or compaction layer below the surface is to take a metal rod and walk around your property sticking it into the ground.
The stuff you find yourself in is primarily hardpan , glacial till, and some topsoil.
A hardpan or impervious layer of soil (called caliche in the Southwest's low deserts) might be the cause.
Depending on torque and speed of specific models, they can be used in conditions ranging from loose, heavy, or rocky soils to hardpan , frost, and asphalt.
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